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Torture--Religious aspects
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Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two guards roast a naked man, whom they have bound to a spit. One of the guards ladles vinegar and salt over the martyr. The bucket containing the vinegar-salt mixture rests at the guard's right knee. [Cartouche: "The rosting of Christians at a low fire, with vineger and salt poured upo[n] their members.78." / "The roasting of Christians at a low fire, with vinegar and salt poured upon their members. 78."]. This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (622 KB). and "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and Two men hang by the waist from a gallows. The man on the left is clothed in loincloth and hangs facing upward, while the man on the right hangs facing downward. (Cartouche: "Some ha[n]ged by the middles. &c.79." ["Some hanged by the middles, etc. 79."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (211 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and A man dressed in loincloth lies chained to a wooden platform. Workers with shirt sleeves rolled up lacerate the man by scraping shells across his body. One worker lifts the man's head by the beard. (Cartouche: "Christians scraped with sharpe shelles.79." ["Christians scraped with sharp shells. 79."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (315 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: George Marsh, barefoot, stands chained to a stake beneath a barrel of hot tar while a man lights the bundles of faggots piled around him. He holds an open book, presumably a Bible, while declaring "Not upon y [the] Condition." Marsh is surrounded by a large group of soldiers; a man on horseback holds out a paper. According to the text that surrounds the image, the horseman is the Deputy Chamberlain of Chester, who carries with him a “Writing under a Great Seal” that is being offered to Marsh as a pardon if he would recant. Marsh, however, rejects the pardon. Revised version of Luborsky and Ingram 11223/66, which appears in each of the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) early English editions. JPEG file (434 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: “The Death & Martyrdom of Damlip.” Adam Damlip, clothed only in a loincloth, lies on ground after being cut down from hanging by the neck on the gallows above; the rope is still around his neck. His bowels are ripped out by the hands of the executioner, whose axe lies on the ground by Damlip beside a small fire. A man on horseback appears to be the supervisor for the execution; a large crowd observes from behind. Revised design of Luborsky and Ingram 11223/53, which appears in each of the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) early English editions. JPEG file (398 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "A most exact Table of the first ten Persecutions of the Primitiue [Primitive] Church vnder the Heathen Tyrants of Rome," followed in smaller type by: "continuing the space of allmost [almost] three hundred years after Christ from ye time of Tiberius unto Constantius Emperors of the said Empire with the sundry kinds of torments devised against the Christians and executed upon them.” This tipped-in insert illustrates thirty-four scenes of torture of early Christians under the Roman empire. Headings for the scenes with page number on which the scene is described include (from left to right) : "Christians brains beaten out with Maulls 49; Hanged by the middle 87; Tormented with trees 87; Their hands and feet cut off 37; Forced to thrust their hands in the fyre [fire] 85; Stoned to death 42; Torso on bull hornes 53; Hang’d by the neck and heels 87; Cast to swine to be devoured 109; Scraped with shells 87; Stab’d with forks 38; Thrust through with swords 87; Marturns and Sanctus burned with an iron chaire 52; Hanging by one hand and stretching out their joints 88; Their bones broken with batts [bats] 65; Searing of womens breasts 69; Some burnt with their entralls torne out 46; Christians left hamms Seared 89; Christians roasted pouring vinegar and salt on their members 86; Christians torne in pieces with wild horses 65; Christians burnt in furnace 42; Christians beaten with cudgels for not worshipping 105; St. Peter hang’d on the cross 38; Here they are flead [flayed] alive 38; Here their tongues are cut out 138; Christians most cruelly thrust through 50; Christians right eyes being burned out 92; Christians drag’d through the streets 109; Christians thrust under the nailes [nails] with sharp tacks 88; With an Engyne [engine] they are beheaded 88; Christians burned in their temple men, women and children 87; St. Lawrence ("This side is now roasted, turne me O tyrant great") laid on the gridiron 79; Christians driven up the mountain and thrown down on sharp tacks 45; Christians put in vessel to boil 39." The text at the bottom of the page details Foxe's interpretation of the Book of Revelations: "The 42 Monthes in the Revelation of St. John Expounded." This image is significantly redesigned and reduced in scope from the similar woodcut (Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A) which appeared in the first (1570) and fourth (1583) early English editions. JPEG file (1.62 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "A true description of the racking and cruell [cruel] handling of Cutbert [Cuthbert] Symson [Simson] in the Tower." The illustration depicts three separate scenes. Center: “Cutbert Simson upon ye [the] rack”; upper left:“The description how Cutbert Simson stood in an engine of Iron 3 houres [hours], within the Tower, Commonly called Skevingtons gyves [gives];” upper right: “The grating of an arrow thorow [through] Cutbert Simsons fingers." Revised design of Luborsky and Ingram 11222/50 and 11223/101, which appear in all four of the early English editions (1563, 1570, 1576, and 1583). JPEG file (1.22 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and A man dressed in loincloth burns in an iron chair. A soldier tends the fire beneath the man, who gazes upward and extends his hands outward in helplessness. (Cartouche: "Maturus & Sanctus fried in an yron chaire. 47." ["Martyrs and saints fried in an iron chair. 47."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (406 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and Four men stand bound to a pole. Three men are clothed in loincloth, and the fourth stands with his back to the viewer. The man on the far right looks upward, and two of the men wear crowns of thorns. A soldier drives a spear into one of the men, whose blood flows. (Cartouche: "The Christians most cruelly thrust through.89." ["The Christians most cruelly thrust through. 89."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (502 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Engulfed in flames, Marsh burns at the stake beneath a barrel of dripping, heated tar. A soldier, partially obscured from view, stands at the right of the image. Marsh is barefoot and fully clothed. The martyrdom occurs at Chester. This woodcut appears the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/66. JPEG file (3.9 MB).
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