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Woodcuts from John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments
User CollectionCreator: Foxe, John, 1516-1587 Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Complete set of woodcut illustrations from the first (1563), second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) English editions of John Foxe’s Actes and Monuments; complete set of woodcut illustrations from the second Latin edition (1559); title page images from the Latin editions (1554 and 1559); and Kalender and almanacs selected from first four English editions. Materials supplied from the collections of The Ohio State University Libraries and Bridwell Library, Southern Methodist University; Large three-page composite woodcut, “Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church,” here included by permission from the personal library of John N. King, Distinguished University Professor and Humanities Distinguished Professor of English & of Religious Studies, The Ohio State University. The image-specific metadata incorporates Foxe inventory numbers supplied by Ruth Samson Luborsky and Elizabeth Morley Ingram, A Guide to English Illustrated Books, 1536-1603, 2 vols. (Tempe, AZ: Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies, 1998). Unless otherwise noted, woodcut illustrations appear once in each specified edition and only in designated editions. Woodcuts occur in the database in the order of their first appearance in the Foxe volumes themselves, according to the following progression: 1554, 1559, 1563, 1570, 1576, and 1583. Foxe uses selected woodcuts repeatedly throughout the Book of Martyrs. The database employs a letter/number system to describe these cuts, whereby numbers distinguish the use of woodcuts of similar designs and letters distinguish each use of any given cut across different Foxe editions. The names of martyrs given with these repeated cuts are transcribed verbatim from respective Foxe volumes. Square brackets indicate expanded abbreviations or other supplied text. When modernized versions of literatum transcriptions are not given, the modern use of “u/v” and “i/j” is maintained. Mark Rankin would like to thank Christopher Bungard, Richard Firth Green, Leslie Lockett, Christopher Manion, Katie Rankin, and Rocki Wentzel for assistance with translation. Thanks also go to Marti Alt, Wesley Boomgaarden, Harry Campbell, Valerie Hotchkiss, John N. King, Ben McCorkle, and Betsy Walsh, as well as the staff of the Rare Books and Manuscripts Library of The Ohio State University and the staff of Special Collections, Bridwell Library, Southern Methodist University. A Bridwell Library Visiting Scholar’s Fellowship facilitated the completion of the work. -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Wielding branding irons, two men sear the breasts of two topless women. The women stand bound to a stake, and a nearby fire heats additional irons. (Cartouche: "The searyng of wo=mens brestes.95." ["The searing of women's breasts. 95."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (714 KB). and "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: On a platform outside Vilvorde Castle, near modern-day Brussels, Tyndale ("Lord ope[n] the king of Englands eies." ["Lord, open the king of England's eyes"]) stands chained to a stake. An executioner strangles Tyndale, who is dressed in loincloth. A crowd of soldiers, monks, and civilians observes the execution. Desiring to increase knowledge of the scriptures among common English people, Tyndale achieved notoriety for illegally producing the first printed translation of the Bible into the English language. He also wrote other controversial religious works. The translator had completed the New Testament and a portion of the Old Testament prior to his death. This woodcut appears in the first through fourth editions (1563, 1570, 1576, and 1583). Luborsky and Ingram 11222/18, 11223/49. JPEG file (1.03 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: An executioner lowers Gardiner by chain from a gallows into a blaze. A crowd of soldiers and civilians observes, and a friar and a priest on horseback jeer. The stumps of Gardiner's bleeding wrists indicate that his hands have been cut off. According to Foxe, the execution occurs in Lisbon at the hands of Spaniards. The OSU copy of the 1563 version of the illustration (pictured here) contains the manuscript inscription, "I Suffer for the Truth," written in the blank banderole extending from Gardiner's mouth. This woodcut appears in the first through fourth editions (1563, 1570, 1576, and 1583). Luborsky and Ingram 11222/22, 11223/58. JPEG file (981 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Workers lower Gardiner into a fire from a gallows, and a group of soldiers observes from a distance. The martyrdom occurs on a Portuguese shoreline. The stumps of Gardiner's wrists drip blood, following the removal of his hands. This woodcut appears only in the 1559 Latin edition. No Luborsky and Ingram #. JPEG file (2.43 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Surrounded by freshly lit faggots, Flower ("Lord receiue my spirite." ["Lord receive my spirit."]) stands against a stake and raises his arms upward. Workers add new faggots to the pyre. Flower's right hand has been cut off and impaled on a spear, and his wrist bleeds at its stump. A man on horseback supervises the execution, and a crowd of soldiers and ecclesiastical officials observes. A priest on the far left raises his hand towards Flower. This woodcut appears in the first through fourth editions (1563, 1570, 1576, and 1583). Luborsky and Ingram 11222/29, 11223/67. JPEG file (1.07 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed women fold their hands in prayer as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the fourth edition (1583) to illustrate the burning of Agnes Pote[n] and Jone Trunchfeld (at Ipswich) (sig. FFFFf6v, p. 1893) and Margaret Thurston and Agnes Bongeor (at Colchester) (sig. RRRRr4r, p. 2020). Luborsky and Ingram 11223/89. JPEG file (3.66 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed women fold their hands in prayer as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the third edition (1576) to illustrate the burning of Agnes Potten and Joane Trunchfield (at Ipswich) (sig. AAAAa2r, p. 1787) and Margaret Thurston and Agnes Bongeor (at Colchester) (sig. LLLLl5r [left], p. 1913). Luborsky and Ingram 11223/89. JPEG file (3.66 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed women fold their hands in prayer as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the second edition (1570) to illustrate the burning of Agnes Potten and Joan Trunchfield (at Ipswich) (sig. FFFFf1v, p. 2072) and Margaret Thurston and Agnes Bongeor (at Colchester) (sig. SSSSs1v, p. 2216). Luborsky and Ingram 11223/89. JPEG file (3.66 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two clothed and bearded men burn at the stake. The martyr on the left rests his left arm on the shoulder of the right martyr, and both martyrs raise an arm upward. The martyrs gaze at each other as they burn. This woodcut appears twice in the fourth edition (1583) to illustrate the burning of Robert Glover and Cornelius Bongey (at Coventry) (sig. OOOO1r, p. 1714) and William Seaman, Thomas Carman, and Thomas Hudson (at Norwich) (sig. SSSSs6r, p. 2036). Luborsky and Ingram 11223/79. JPEG file (3.93 MB).