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Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and A naked man stands chained to a stake, and two soldiers gouge out the man's fingernails with knives. The man raises his right leg and gazes upward. The wounded toes of his left leg and his fingers on both hands spurt blood. The soldiers' shirt sleeves are rolled up. (Cartouche: "The Christians cruelly thrust under the nayles with sharpe prickes. 88." ["The Christians cruelly thrust under the nails with sharp pricks. 88."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (634 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: A man and a woman lie partially submerged under a pile of boar meat. Five boars feed on both the meat and the martyrs. (Cartouche: "Christian maidens couered under hogs meate, and so cast to the swine to be deuoured. 88." ["Christian maidens covered under hogs' meat, and so cast to the swine to be devoured. 88."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (442 KB). and "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: An emperor kneels and kisses the pope's right foot, while cardinals, clerics, a monk, and others observe. The pope carries the keys of his office in his right hand. In an insert at the pope's right, a jester kneels and points upward at the pope with one hand and downward at a chained monkey with the other. The damage to the OSU copy of this illustration (pictured here) results from a reader having defaced the woodcut in an apparent act of censorship. The image is the fourth in the "Proud Primacy of Popes" series and appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/27. JPEG file (4.49 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Emperor Henry VI kneels before Pope Celestine III, who crowns the emperor with his foot. Cardinals, bishops, monks, and others observe. The pope carries the keys of his office in his left hand. The title of this image inaccurately identifies the pope as Celestine IV, who died in 1241, just fifteen days after becoming pope. Celestine III reigned from 1191-98 and crowned Emperor Henry VI, whose reign spanned the same dates. This woodcut is the fifth in the "Proud Primacy of Popes" series and appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/28. JPEG file (4.32 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: King John of England kneels and yields his crown to Pandulphus, the papal legate, who sits in a presence chamber on a slightly raised dais. Bishops and monks observe with approval, but others (presumably laity) do so with suspicion. A cityscape is visible beyond a colonnade. This woodcut is the eighth in the "Proud Primacy of Popes" series and appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/30. JPEG file (4.4 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: The pope and an emperor (whom Foxe identifies generically as "Constantine, Theodosius, etc.") sit side by side on a wide throne, and their attendants observe. The pope holds a book in his right hand, and the emperor holds the rod of his office in his right hand. The damage to the OSU copy of this illustration (pictured here) results from a reader having defaced the woodcut that appears on the verso side of this leaf. This woodcut is the third in the "Proud Primacy of Popes" series and appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/26. JPEG file (4.21 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: An enthroned emperor observes the suffering and martyrdom of Christian bishops. The emperor holds a sword, which symbolizes his authority, and soldiers attend him. The woodcut contains six scenes of torture: flames engulf a martyr (upper left); lions devour a naked man (upper center); two workers crucify a man upside-down (upper right) (see "St. Peter undergoes crucifixion upside-down" in this collection); two guards flog a man, who is dressed in loincloth, tied to a stake, and bleeding (right foreground); a torturer stands on and drills out the eye of a bound bishop (center foreground) (see "Martyrs suffer branding and the removal of their eyes" in this collection); and a man kneels, about to be beheaded (center). Beginning with the second edition (1570), this woodcut and the eleven that follow it comprise an appendix to volume one of the work, under the title "The Proud Primacy of Popes." This appendix details the alleged decline of relations between Christian monarchs and the papacy during the medieval period, a decline which Foxe traces from its beginning at the time of the primitive Church. The damage to the OSU copy of this illustration (pictured here) results from a reader having defaced the woodcut that appears on the verso side of the next leaf. The "Proud Primacy" series appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/24. JPEG file (4.72 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: The obverse of this medal presents the right side of Hus's face in profile ("Credo unam esse ecclesiam sanctam Catholicam. Io. Hus Anno A. Christo [condem]nato 1415" ["I believe there is one holy Catholic church. John Hus, convicted in the year of Christ 1415"]). The reverse depicts Jerome tied to a stake and surrounded by faggots ("Centum revolutis annis Deo respondebitis et mihi. Hieronim[us] Anno A. Cristo [condem]natus 1416" ["You all will answer to God and me in one hundred returning years. Jerome, convicted in the year of Christ 1416"]). The center of the reverse contains the word "co[n]demnatus" ["convicted"]. Hus and Jerome appear on the medal as two prophets, sent by God against the papacy. According to Foxe, Jerome prophesied prior to his death that God would hold Rome accountable one hundred years following Jerome's martyrdom. Foxe interprets Jerome's statement as predicting the arrival of Martin Luther a century later. These paired woodcuts appear twice the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/22, 11223/23. JPEG file (2.74 MB). -
Images from the John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments
User CollectionCreator: Foxe, John, 1516-1587 Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Complete set of images (mostly engravings) from the ninth (1684) edition of John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments of Matters most Special and Memorable, Happening in the Church (“Book of Martyrs”), including the title page images of the three volume set, the “Kalender” of martyrdoms, the title page for an added section in volume 3: "A Continuation of the Histories of Forreign Martyrs," and the Table (index). Materials supplied from the collections of The Ohio State University Libraries and Bridwell Library, Southern Methodist University. Inventory numbers supplied by Ruth Samson Luborsky and Elizabeth Morley Ingram, A Guide to English Illustrated Books, 1536-1603, 2 vols. (Tempe, AZ: Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies, 1998), are used to compare the images in this 1684 collection with the woodcuts in the early English editions (see ATLA’s CDRI collection “Woodcut Illustrations from the First Four English Editions of John Foxe’s Actes and Monuments”). Square brackets indicate expanded abbreviations or other supplied text. When modernized versions of literatum transcriptions are not given, the modern use of “u/v” and “i/j” is maintained. -
Woodcuts from John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments
User CollectionCreator: Foxe, John, 1516-1587 Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Complete set of woodcut illustrations from the first (1563), second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) English editions of John Foxe’s Actes and Monuments; complete set of woodcut illustrations from the second Latin edition (1559); title page images from the Latin editions (1554 and 1559); and Kalender and almanacs selected from first four English editions. Materials supplied from the collections of The Ohio State University Libraries and Bridwell Library, Southern Methodist University; Large three-page composite woodcut, “Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church,” here included by permission from the personal library of John N. King, Distinguished University Professor and Humanities Distinguished Professor of English & of Religious Studies, The Ohio State University. The image-specific metadata incorporates Foxe inventory numbers supplied by Ruth Samson Luborsky and Elizabeth Morley Ingram, A Guide to English Illustrated Books, 1536-1603, 2 vols. (Tempe, AZ: Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies, 1998). Unless otherwise noted, woodcut illustrations appear once in each specified edition and only in designated editions. Woodcuts occur in the database in the order of their first appearance in the Foxe volumes themselves, according to the following progression: 1554, 1559, 1563, 1570, 1576, and 1583. Foxe uses selected woodcuts repeatedly throughout the Book of Martyrs. The database employs a letter/number system to describe these cuts, whereby numbers distinguish the use of woodcuts of similar designs and letters distinguish each use of any given cut across different Foxe editions. The names of martyrs given with these repeated cuts are transcribed verbatim from respective Foxe volumes. Square brackets indicate expanded abbreviations or other supplied text. When modernized versions of literatum transcriptions are not given, the modern use of “u/v” and “i/j” is maintained. Mark Rankin would like to thank Christopher Bungard, Richard Firth Green, Leslie Lockett, Christopher Manion, Katie Rankin, and Rocki Wentzel for assistance with translation. Thanks also go to Marti Alt, Wesley Boomgaarden, Harry Campbell, Valerie Hotchkiss, John N. King, Ben McCorkle, and Betsy Walsh, as well as the staff of the Rare Books and Manuscripts Library of The Ohio State University and the staff of Special Collections, Bridwell Library, Southern Methodist University. A Bridwell Library Visiting Scholar’s Fellowship facilitated the completion of the work.