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Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Workers lower Gardiner into a fire from a gallows, and a group of soldiers observes from a distance. The martyrdom occurs on a Portuguese shoreline. The stumps of Gardiner's wrists drip blood, following the removal of his hands. This woodcut appears only in the 1559 Latin edition. No Luborsky and Ingram #. JPEG file (2.43 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and Dressed in loincloth, St. Peter is crucified upside-down. A soldier raises him to the cross and holds him in place with his right knee. The soldier's ladder leans against the cross. (Cartouche: "Peter the Apostlehanged upon the Crosse. 34." ["Peter the apostle hanged upon the cross. 34."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (272 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: In these Arms of Pope Julius II, the papal tiara rests behind two crossed papal keys of office. A shield sits before these keys and contains an oak tree bearing acorns. The shield also displays tassels. This woodcut appears in the fourth edition (1583) to illustrate Foxe's printing of Pope Clement VII's bull of sentence against Henry VIII, who had tried to obtain from the papacy a divorce from his wife, Catharine of Aragon. Pope Julius II reigned from 1503-13. At the time of Henry's marriage to Catharine, English and Spanish authorities sought a dispensation from Julius that would allow the match, since Catharine had previously been married to Henry's older brother, Arthur. In the 1583 edition, these Arms replace "Coat of Arms of Pope Clement VII," which appears in this location in 1570. Neither woodcut appears in the first (1563) or third (1576) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11225/1. JPEG file (843 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: In this illustration of the succession of Saxon kings from King Egbert to King Edward the Confessor, crown-topped orbs contain the name of each king, except for the two orbs that contain no crowns and the name of a non-ruling descendent. Each orb also contains the length of the respective king's reign. With the exception of King Athelwulf, the image does not present the wives of the kings. It also recognizes neither the birth order of descending kings nor the presence of Danish kings, who ruled England for a portion of the period covered by the diagram. (Foxe's text does address these reigns.) This woodcut appears in the fourth edition (1583). No Luborsky and Ingram #. JPEG file (2.1 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Justice stands blindfolded on a pedestal in this iconoclastic Protestant allegory. She grasps a sword in her right hand and scales in her left, which symbolize her authority and her impartiality. On the left side of the image, Christ (designated by a nimbus) and his followers, all of whom are barefoot, talk among themselves and gesture at the Bible ("Verbum Dei" ["Word of God"]) that weighs down their side of the scale. The pope, a cardinal, a bishop, friars, clerics, and others frantically load the opposite side with a crucifix, Mass wafers, Decretal books ("Decretalis"), chalices, rosary beads, and other objects associated with Roman Catholic doctrine and devotional practices. A devil clings to the bottom of the Catholic side, but all of this fails to overturn the weight of scripture. A town is visible in the distance. The image articulates the bibliocentrism of many Protestant reformers and demonstrates those elements of the Roman Catholic faith that many Protestants rejected. See also "English Reformation under King Edward VI" and the title page woodcut in this collection. The image appears in the third (1576) and fourth (1583) editions, but first appears in The whole works of W[illiam] Tyndale, John Frith, and Doct[or] Barnes (London: John Day, 1573). Luborsky and Ingram 11224/2, 24436/3. JPEG file (3.9 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Henry IV, King of Germany and future Holy Roman Emperor, surrenders his crown to Pope Gregory VII (Hildebrand), who sits enthroned. Henry's wife and son kneel beside him, and cardinals and bishops observe with approval. The pope carries the keys of his office in his right hand. The events in this image occur immediately following those illustrated by "Henry IV awaits the pope outside Canosa" in this collection. This woodcut is the seventh in the "Proud Primacy of Popes" series and appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/29. JPEG file (4.42 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: This map of England displays rivers and the political division of the country among seven Saxon kingdoms plus Scotland, Wales, and Gaul. Dotted lines designate territorial boundaries. Xylographic type identifies each kingdom on the woodcut in Latin (L) and Anglo-Saxon (AS) script, and the woodcut designer often identifies the same kingdom in both languages. These labels designate the kingdoms as follows, beginning at the top of the image: Scotland: "Scotiae pars" [L, "part of Scotia"]; Wales (at left-center): "Walli" [L, "Welsh"], "Britones" [L, "Britons"], and "Britwealas" [AS, "Welsh"]; and Gaul (at bottom): "Fronclond. Galliae pars" [AS, "Frank-Land." L, "part of Gallia"]. The seven Saxon kingdoms proceed numerically as follows: "1. Regnum occiduorum Saxonum. Westseaxnaric" [L and AS, "1. Kingdom of the West Saxons"], which contains "Cornubiens. Cornweala" [L and AS, "Cornwall"]; "2. Suthseaxnaric. Regnum Australium Saxonum" [AS and L, "Kingdom of the South Saxons"]; "3. Regnum cantiae. Centric" [L and AS, "Kingdom of Kent"]; "4. Eastseaxnaric. Regnum orientalium saxonu[m]" [AS and L, "Kingdom of the East Saxons"]; "5. Eastenglaric. Regnum orientalium Anglorum" [AS and L, "Kingdom of the East Angles"]; "6. Myrcnaric. Regnum Merciorum" [AS and L, "Kingdom of the Mercians"]; and "7. Regnum Northumbrorum. Northanhymbra ric" [L and AS, "Kingdom of the Northumbrians"]. This woodcut appears in the third (1576) and fourth (1583) editions. The image first appears in William Lambard, Archaionomia, siue de priscis anglorum legibus libri [Old law, or of the ancient laws of the free Britons] (London: John Day, 1568). Luborsky and Ingram 11224/1, 15142/1. JPEG file (3.57 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: A chained woman burns at the stake. She faces toward the left of the image and clasps her hands in prayer. This woodcut appears twice in the second edition (1570) to illustrate the burning of Joane Boughton (sig. GG1v [left], p. 866) and Cicelie Ormes (at Norwich) (sig. SSSSs3r, p. 2219). Luborsky and Ingram 11223/20. JPEG file (3.73 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: A barebacked man carries a burning taper in his left hand, while Bishop Edmund Bonner ("Bon[n]er") flogs him from behind. A crowd observes. This woodcut appears twice in the fourth edition (1583) to illustrate the penance of John Florence (sig. LL6r [right], p. 659) and Tho. Pye and John Mendham (sig. MM2r, p. 663). Luborsky and Ingram 11223/15. JPEG file (3.57 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: A bearded man carries a sack of straw over his right shoulder and a staff over his left. He walks barefoot in penance. The designer of this woodcut copied directly from a similar manuscript illustration, preserved at Lambeth Palace Library in the Register of William Courtenay, Archbishop of Canterbury (1381-1396), fol. 337v. This woodcut appears in the second (1570), third (1576), and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/7. JPEG file (2.94 MB).