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Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Wielding branding irons, two men sear the breasts of two topless women. The women stand bound to a stake, and a nearby fire heats additional irons. (Cartouche: "The searyng of wo=mens brestes.95." ["The searing of women's breasts. 95."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (714 KB). and "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and Six individuals attempt to escape an oblong-shaped domed building as it burns. Some of them are clothed, some are partially clothed, and some are naked. At the base of the building, two guards impale a man as he tries to escape. A second man leaps from the building through an upper window, toward the lit brands carried by two other guards beneath. (Cartouche: "Here the faithfull Christians are most cruelly burned in their Temple to the number of twenty thousand, both me[n], women, and children. 78." ["Here the faithful Christians are most cruelly burned in their Temple to the number of twenty thousand, both men, women, and children. 78."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (1.39 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: This three-page woodcut insert illustrates thirty-five distinct scenes of torture and suffering. Foxe titles the composite image, "A Table of the X. first Persecutions of the Primitiue Church vnder the Heathen Tyrannes of Rome" ["A table of the ten first persecutions of the primitive church under the heathen tyrants of Rome"]. Workers at John Day's printing house employed just three woodblocks to create the image, which contains three segments pasted together. Speeches attributed to martyrs in individual scenes are keyed to locations in Foxe's text. The longer passage that runs across the bottom of the image explains Foxe's apocalyptic perspective on Christian history. The composite image illustrates martyrdoms spanned by the reigns of emperors Tiberius and Constantine I. The greatly expanded second edition (1570) of the Book of Martyrs, in which this insert first appears, begins its account with these martyrs, in a deliberate act of historical appropriation whereby Foxe reconstructs the deaths of early Christians as proto-Protestant martyrdoms. This woodcut also appears in the fourth edition (1583), but it does not appear in the first (1563) or third (1576) editions. Because it could easily be removed and posted on walls or posts, the illustration is frequently missing in surviving copies of the work. Of all Foxe illustrations, it is perhaps the scarcest to survive to the present day. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A. JPEG file (17.9 MB). and "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and Dressed in loincloth, St. Peter is crucified upside-down. A soldier raises him to the cross and holds him in place with his right knee. The soldier's ladder leans against the cross. (Cartouche: "Peter the Apostlehanged upon the Crosse. 34." ["Peter the apostle hanged upon the cross. 34."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (272 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and Lawrence ("This side is now rosted inough,turne up O tyrant great. &c. 72." ["This side is now roasted enough, turn up (i.e., over) o tyrant great, etc. 72."]) lies naked on his left side on a grid iron. A man operates a bellows that fuels the flames. Lawrence raises his right arm above his head, and another man places an additional log on the fire. Soldiers and an emperor observe. (Cartouche: "Laurence layd upon the Gridyron, by Galienus, or Decius. 72." ["Laurence laid upon the grid iron by Galienus or Decius. 72."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (1.26 MB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and Four soldiers prepare to throw a naked man upon the horns of six raging bulls. The bulls are chained to stumps, and two people, also naked, have already been tossed to them. (Cartouche: "Christians tossed upon Bulles hornes.48." ["Christians tossed upon Bulls' horns. 48."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (572 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Two men stone two chained martyrs. One martyr slumps downward onto his chest, while the other kneels, facing away from his attackers, and prays. Both martyrs are clothed. (Cartouche: "The Christia[n]s stoned, to death. 89." ["The Christians stoned to death. 89."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (280 KB). and "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and Two men wielding daggers assault a woman, who falls to her death onto a heap of men and women who have also been assaulted. The woman stretches her hands outward in helplessness, and her clothes are torn. Two of those already dead appear dressed in loincloth, and the third is clothed. (Cartouche: "TheChristians stabbed in with forkes.34.92." ["The Christians stabbed in with forks. 34. 92."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (255 KB). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: Guards sever the limbs of a naked man. One guard secures the man, and a second guard uses a sword to sever the man's left hand. The man's right arm and both of his feet have already been removed. The guards have each rolled up their shirt sleeves. Blood pours from the man's severed stumps, and a second man lies dead below. (Cartouche: "Christia[n]s hands & feete cut of.34.88.93." ["Christians' hands and feet cut off. 34. 88. 93."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (304 KB). and "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). -
Contributing Institution: Southern Methodist University Bridwell Library and Ohio State University Libraries Description: "MD" (see "Soldiers drag two Christians by ropes" in this collection). and A man dressed in loincloth lies chained to a wooden platform. Workers with shirt sleeves rolled up lacerate the man by scraping shells across his body. One worker lifts the man's head by the beard. (Cartouche: "Christians scraped with sharpe shelles.79." ["Christians scraped with sharp shells. 79."]). This woodcut appears on the "Table of the Ten First Persecutions of the Primitive Church" foldout illustration in the second (1570) and fourth (1583) editions. Luborsky and Ingram 11223/1A (detail). JPEG file (315 KB).
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